Peonies

Many gardeners favor the showy peonie.

Due to the plant size and large flowers they may be out of scale in a small garden. In a large garden with plenty of room they can be spectacular.

One of the most admired garden perennials is the peony. They have long been favorites of gardeners and are among the hardiest and easiest grown perennials. Some plantings have been known to grow as long as fifty years.

There are some considerations to be made in growing peonies, primarily questions of space. They are attractive when used in groups in front of shrubs or in the perennial border. With proper selection of early, mid-season and late varieties the season of bloom can last up to six weeks.

Peonies thrive in almost any soil…

Peonies prefer full sun. However, in our climate they can tolerate light shade. They will grow and thrive in almost any soil as long as it is well drained and in the pH range of 6.5 - 7.0. A heavy clay loam is ideal. You should be able to provide that if you will add some organic matter or humus to your soil. Animal manure, peat moss, compost or finely ground pine bark offer a number of choices. Be sure to add lime, and if at all possible, add some manure even though you are using some other form of humus.

Do not disturb after planting…

Because peonies should not be disturbed after planting it is imperative that everything be done prior to planting in October and November. Depth of planting is of paramount importance. Single flowering varieties may bloom better than doubles in Middle Georgia. Set the roots with the visible buds so that the tip of the buds will be no deeper than one to two inches. Incorrect depth of planting causes the greatest number of failures.

Fertilizing great for peonies…

Peonies respond to fertilization. The first application of 8-8-8 or 5-10-10 or 6-12-12 should be made when the plants are almost 12" high. The second application should be made immediately after flowering. Use 1/4 cup of fertilizer per plant. Sprinkle the fertilizer over the surface of the soil extending 12 - 18 inches away from the plant. Lightly scratch the fertilizer into the soil by using a pronged hand weeder or cultivator. Thoroughly water immediately after the fertilizer has been applied. This will put the fertilizer into a solution where it can readily be utilized by the plant. Always exercise care in fertilizing - keep the material off of the foliage and stems to avoid burning or damage.

Some will require stakes…

Some varieties require staking because of the weight and number of blooms per stem. Three or four stakes may be required for a large clump. Use a loop of tape or plant ties to attach the plants to the stake for support. After blooms are finished cut away the old bloom. Also, when plants die down in the fall, cut plants back and rake up any leaves to reduce disease problems.

For more information on peonies contact your local county Extension office.